There's been considerable debate recently about image use on the web. With the increasing numbers of designers, marketers, advertisers, and bloggers using the internet as a resource for images and videos, inevitable questions about copyright and proper use laws are being raised. While most commercial businesses are conscious of these issues, there is still confusion among companies and bloggers about the use of third-party images.
The ultimate question is: Are photos on the web really just free for all users, or are there strings attached? And the answer is yes -- and no.
Basically, there are lots of sources available online to obtain images for a website or blog. And, the prices span the spectrum, from expensive to moderate to free. The challenge lies in understanding how and when to use these images and the potential implications of those choices.
Let's look at blogs, since they play a major role in this discussion. Typically, blogs fall into two categories: editorial and commercial. Blogs considered purely editorial in nature -- those that are non-commercial and related to events that are newsworthy or of public interest -- have a different set of rules that may apply with respect to model and property releases and licenses.
If your blog or website has a commercial purpose, that is, you're trying to sell stuff rather than just talk about your life experiences, a new set of rules comes into play.
"Free" license use
Images licensed using Creative Commons or another "free" license site may be fine for some blogging uses, but you need to be aware of the license limitations. Many of the images, by request of the artist, are available only for non-commercial use. If you are making money from your blog or are using the image in any way to sell something, and the artist has specified that his or her license does not extend to commercial usage, you may be in breach of the license agreement and could face serious legal ramifications. There are other limitations to Creative Commons licenses, and it is advisable to confirm that your use is in compliance with the specific license agreement.
Image inspection
Importantly, there is no inspection process at Creative Commons with respect to trademark, copyright, or privacy compliance. Virgin Mobile Pty Ltd (Australia) found this out the hard way. The company used an image of a young girl licensed under Creative Commons in an ad campaign but, unbeknownst to them, that girl had never agreed to allow her likeness to be used by Virgin in the manner that it was used. Virgin used the image as per the Creative Commons license but, because there was no model release by the subject, was sued by the girl's family for libel and invasion of privacy.
Trademarks/copyright
Pay close attention to images that contain logos or trademarks from other companies. If you're using them for your own gain, you can expect a call, at a minimum, to remove the image. Some companies are very litigious when it comes to trademark issues.
When looking for an image with people or a specific place, you should definitely license the image from a reputable source with an inspection process that looks for copyright, trademark, and privacy infringement. Images with identifiable people or places need appropriate releases! Using an image without one is asking for trouble.
What about the images you took yourself for your blog? Are they safe? And what if someone else uses them? In order to protect yourself, always ensure that if you have recognizable or identifiable people, buildings, restaurants, businesses, or logos in images, and that you have a model or property release.
Check your own work online
Chances are, if you are ripping other people's images to use on your blog, others are doing the same to you. You can find out if your images are being used on the web without your consent. Try TinEye. Submit your photo, and it will scan the web for you. If someone else is using your images without your consent, you may have a right to demand they remove the image, credit your work, or pay you damages.
Use a service
Royalty-free microstock sites are designed to help locate the image you want quickly. Unlike Flickr and Google, a photo uploaded to a microstock site has individual keywords attached to it, describing the subject, composition, elements within, and broad ideas associated with the photo (such as an emotion). Some companies even goes as far as offering a feature that allows you to search based on blank areas of the photo available for text or branding.
These are some basic but necessary guidelines, whether you are planning to use images on your website, blogs, or in marketing materials. These tips should inform your decision-making process both in terms of images and sources to avoid costly and time-consuming copyright or licensing issues.
Kelly Thompson is chief operating officer at iStockphoto.com.
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